粒子人間植物影響

Objective and Entire Framework

To evaluate aerosol impacts on human health and plants, introduce control technology to
the emission sources, and formulate a reduction strategy, the following must be
comprehensively studied: (i) characteristics of the emission sources, and physical and
chemical behavior of the aerosols in the atmosphere; (ii) biological and medical influences;
and (iii) integrated quantification of the source–receptor relationship based on the
achievements of the foregoing two studies. However, to date, we have not clarified the
entire picture of secondary particle formation from precursors in the atmosphere because
the formation mechanism is a complex nonlinear system consisting of various factors. In
addition, measuring the characteristics of the source–receptor relationship (the emissions
and impact) should not be limited to individual regions or countries but considered on an
international scale to solve the pollution at a regional level, as well as a transboundary level,
through a socio-economic lens. This is done because the anthropogenic sources are
associated with global economic activities and globalization induces the
economy–environment linkage, which creates a hidden emission structure. In this
research, we focus on the emission characteristics of aerosols and the precursors,
reactions of the precursors relevant to subsequent aerosol formation and the formation
mechanism of secondary particles. In addition, we aim at creating an innovative scientific
area with new research development by mutual sharing of the findings of each planned
research group, reflection of the achievements of other studies, and adoption of a
socio-economic perspective to evaluate the emission sources.

The main concerns are (i) evaluation of emission characteristics of aerosols and their
precursors (both anthropogenic and of plant origin) in Asian regions and (ii) elucidation of
the reaction mechanism of the precursors and formation process of secondary particles in
various ambient environments. Furthermore, (iii) evaluation of indirectly induced load or
impact potential in other countries as well as one’s own in accordance with the economic
activity of the anthropogenic sources (industrial sector) in each country will be performed
by combining quantified source–receptor relationships and input–output analysis.

Group Composition

No.	Subject	Role	Name	Affiliation・Title
P01	Formation and growth of secondary particles in multi-component systems under non-normal environmental conditions	PI	Kikuo Okuyama	Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Professor
		CI-B	Toshiyuki Fujimoto	Muroran Institute of Technology, Associate Professor
		CI-B	Takafumi Seto	Ｇｒａduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
		CI-B	Takashi Ogi	Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Assistant Professor
P02	Clarification of formation processes of secondary organic aerosols by real-time measurement of their precursors	PI	Jun Hirokawa	Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Associate Professor
		CI-B	Satoshi Inomata	Atmospheric Environment Division, NIES, Senior Researcher
		CI-B	Kenshi Takahashi	Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Associate Professor
P03	Aerosol formation in anthropogenic sources and characterization of source profile	PI	Hidehiro Kamiya	Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, TUAT, Professor
		CI-B	Masashi Wada	Department of Civil Engineering, Ishikawa National College of Technology , Assistant Professor
		CI-B	Norikazu Namiki	Faculty of Engineering, Kogakuin University, Associate Professor
		CI-B	Mayumi Tsukada	Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, TUAT, Techinical Staffr
		CI-R	Hisao Makino	Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, CRIEP, Senior Research Fellow
		CI-R	Chika Minejima	Department of Process Systems Engineering, TUAT, Assistant Professor
P04	Evaluation of aerosol emission sources and their impact potential with consideration of globalized socio-economic activities	PI	Susumu Tohno	Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Professor
		CI-B	Toshimasa Ohara	Center for Regional Environmental Research, NIES, Director
		CI-B	Akira Tani	Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Associate Professor
		CI-B	Keisuke Nansai	Research Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management, NIES, Senior Researcher
		CI-R	Kouhei Yamamoto	Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Assistant Professor
		CI-R	Yuji Kominami	Kansai Research Center, FEPRI, Senior Researcher

Group Leader
PI: Principal Investigator
CI-B: Co-Investigator (kenkyū-buntansha)
CI-R: Co-Investigator (renkei-kenkyūsha)

Main Research Contents

P01
P02

► Quantitatively determine gas-phase oxidation reactions of BVOC and the subsequent
formation mechanism and growth processes of secondary organic aerosols, especially chemical
species of the products and the reaction rates, with the development of an advanced chemical
measurement system

► Experimentally determine the formation and growth processes of secondary particles under
non-normal environmental conditions for application to the upper tropospheric state of low
temperature and pressure, and those in multi-component systems containing inorganic and
organic components

► Develop a particle measurement system necessary for realizing the above processes in the
size range of sub-nanometer to sub-micrometer

► Theoretically assess the formation and growth processes of secondary particles using an
aerosol dynamics model coupled with the above determined chemical species and reaction rates

P03
P04

► Establish a measurement and evaluation system for the formation processes and emission
behaviors of primary and secondary particles in the stationary sources whose particulate
emission control is comparable to those in East Asia (from laboratory to pilot-scale
experiments on combustion of coal, biomass, and wastes)

► Clarify the formation process of the secondary particles such as condensed particles in the
stationary sources and to determine the source profiles for identifying the source-receptor
relationship

► Determine BVOC flux from forest plant species in East Asia using the REA method or
branch enclosure measurement and create a precise BVOC emission inventory using the
measurement data

P04

► Estimate the state of regional or transboundary pollution from spatial distribution of
aerosols in East Asia using a chemical transport model and information on the emission sources
of Groups P03 and P04.

► Quantitatively determine the source–receptor relationship by using the results of other
research items to evaluate aerosol impacts on human health and plants

► Allocate the anthropogenic source to an economic sector and identify the socio-economic
structure of the aerosol impact potentials in Asia by combining the quantified source–receptor
relationship and input–output analysis

Cooperation of Each Discipline

Evaluation of Aerosol Formation and the Emission Sources